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23 Basics of Microbiology |
Microbiology : 23 basics You Must know (Youtube Video URL is given below)
1. Methods of Sequencing
- Sanger Sequencing and Maxam-Gilbert Sequencing
2. Requirements of Sanger Sequencing:
Single stranded template, primer,
ddNT(Di-deoxynucleotide), DNA polymerase.
3. Next Generation Methods of Sequencing -
Illumina, Pyrosequencing, Polony Sequencing, SoLid Sequencing.
4. Biopesticides:
Living organisms used to control pests.
Examples of Biopesticides:
Bacteria, Phanaerocheate chrysosporium -
contains laccase and prroxidase enzymes,
degrades DDT, TNT, benzopyrene.
5. Superbug created by Anand Mohan
Chakrabarty - degrades 2,4-D, 2,4,5-T, xylene, octane.
6. Extracellular enzymes are more stable than
intracellular enzymes.
7. Biosensors are living organisms used as an
analytical device to detect the presence of any chemical substance.
Example of Biosensors:
BOD Biosensors using Trichosporon cutaneum.
8. Fermented milk products:
Yogurt by Lb. bulgaricus, Strep. thermophilus; Cheese by Lc. lactis, Lc.
cremoris.
9. DNA probe: a
fragment of DNA containing the sequence specific for a chromosomal region of
interest.
10. Southern blotting for the detection of DNA.
11. Western blotting for the detection of protein.
12. Northern blotting for the detection of RNA.
13. Housekeeping genes are turned on in all cells at
all times.
14. Inducible genes are expressed when induced by any
stimulant.
15. Disinfectants are used to kill any microbial cells
on inanimate surface. Examples are phenol, lysol, formaldehyde.
16. Heat labile serum and antibiotic solutions are sterilized by filtration.
17. Air is sterilized by High Efficiency Particulate
Air (HEPA) filters.
18. There are three
types of proteins - fibrous, globular, membrane.
19. Simple staining : only one stain is used.
Example : dilute carbol fuchsin.
20. Differential staining: Bacteria are stained
according to physiological properties. example : Gram's staining and acid fast
staining.
21. Special staining: bacterial structures are
stained such as capsule, flagella, spores. Example : Ryu's stain for the
demonstration of flagella.
22. Negative staining: background is stained
with an acidic dye such as india ink or nigrosin.
23. Positive controls for Gram's staining are
staphylococci.
Negative controls for Gram's staining are positive E.
coli cells.
The Daily Youth- tdy24.com Presents
" Microbiology : 23 basics You Must know"
Written By
Sadia Akhtar
Student of Department of Microbiology
Jagannath University.
Email- sadiabd810@yahoo.com
2 Comments
Good job 💟
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