Interleukin-1&4: Features, Production, Biological functions, Medical uses, side effects

Interleukin-1&4: Features, Production, Biological functions, Medical uses, side effects

Interleukin-1&4: Features, Production, Biological functions, Medical uses, side effects

Features of Interleukin-1:

1. Lymphocyte activating factor (LAF)

2. Endogenous pyrogen, catabolin.

3. Two forms are - Interleukin-1 alpha and beta.

The genes coding for them reside on human chromosome 2.

4. Sources of Interleukin-1 are macrophages, T and B cells.

Biological functions of Interleukin-1:

1. Stimulation of T and B cells with additional cytokines.

2. Helps neutrophils in chemotaxis

3. Promotes phagocytes

4. Promotes the synthesis of various substances such as proteases and other enzymes involved in generating inflammatory mediators.

5. Induces synthesis of acute phase proteins in hepatocytes along with interleukin-

6. It acts as a co-stimulator of hematopoietic cell growth.

Medical uses of Interleukin-1 for these clinical indications:

a. Immunostimulatory effects

b. Ability to protect the hematopoietic process during chemotherapy.

c. Anti-proliferative effects against various human tumor cell lines grown in vitro.

d. Bone-marrow suppression by chemotherapy

e. Various cancers

f. Kineret in rheumatoid arthritis

Side-effects of Interleukin-1:

Hypotension,

Capillary leakage syndrome.

Features:

B cell stimulating factor.

129 amino acids glycoprotein.

Source - Th2 cells, basophills, mast cells, NK cells.

Functions:

1. Promotes proliferation of B cells

2. Induction of Th2 cells, stimulation of cytotoxic T cells.

3. stimulation of NK cell activity.

4. Antibody IgE class switching in B cells.

5. Promotes growth of mast cells with IL 3

6. Upregulation of class 2 MHC expression on B cells.

7. Roles in tissue adhesion and inflammation.

8. Macrophage activation,  together with IL-3 that promotes phagocytes.

Uses:

1. Induction of immediate hypersensitivity (allergic) reactions through these processes -

a) Induction of  IgE synthesis - mediator of allergic reaction.

b) promotes congregation of monocytes and eosinophils, they contain inflammatory mediators.

c) its growth promoting effect on mast cells.

The Daily Youth- tdy24.com Presents

"Interleukin-1&4: Features, Production, Biological functions, Medical uses, side effects"

Written By

Sadia Akhtar

Student of Department of Microbiology

Jagannath University.

Email- sadiabd810@yahoo.com