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| Major Classes of Microbial Products and Processes |
Major Classes of Microbial
Products and Processes (Youtube Video URL is given below)
The
major commercial products of microorganisms can be classified as -
1.
Microbial cells or biomass.
For
example, single cell protein (SCP)
2.
Large molecules like enzymes that are synthesized by microorganisms.
For
example, protease, alpha-amylase.
3.
Primary metabolite products that means compounds essential for cell growth .
For
example, Lactic acid, amino acids.
4.
Secondary metabolite products that
means
compounds not essential for cell growth.
For
example, alkaloids, glycosides.
Types of
Commercial Industries
On the basis of types of microbial products,
commercial industries are classified as -
1.
Pharmaceutical chemicals
2.
Commercially valuable
chemicals
3.
Food supplements
4.
Alcoholic beverages
5.
Vaccines
6.
Deterioration of materials by microorganisms.
7. Analytical microbiology
1.
Pharmaceutical chemicals
Most prominent in this category are the antibiotics
and steroid drugs. Other useful substances are insulin and interferon are
produced by genetically modified bacteria.
2.
Commercially valuable chemicals
This category includes solvents, enzymes, various
compounds used as starting materials for the industrial production of other
substances.
3.
Food supplements
The mass production of yeast, bacteria and algae from
inexpensive sources containing inorganic nitrogen salts and other readily
available and cheap nutrients, provides a good source of proteins and other
organic nutrients useful as food supplements for human and animals.
Large-scale microbial production of amino acids is an
attractive industrial process being employed in world.
4.
Alcoholic beverages
Brewing, wine making and production of alcoholic
beverages constitute some of the oldest and largest microbial industries.
5.
Vaccines
Some microorganisms are grown in a very large amount
to use as vaccines. The whole cells or some part or product of the cell is used
for the preparation of
vaccines.
6.
Deterioration of materials by microorganisms
All kinds of materials such as leather, textile, wood,
metals optical equipments are subjected to deterioration by the contamination
and further growth of microorganisms.
The magnitude of potential destruction with resulting
financial losses demands that methods for prevention of destruction be
developed.
Industry is responsible to this need and produces many
chemicals and treatment processes for this purpose.
7. Analytical microbiology
Microbiological
techniques have been developed for -
a)
assaying a variety of products like antibiotics, amino acids, vitamins.
b)
evaluation of wood and paint preservatives.
c)
testing the efficacy of sterilization procedures.
The Daily Youth- tdy24.com Present
" Major Classes of
Microbial Products and Processes"
Written By
Sadia Akhtar
Student of Department of Microbiology
Jagannath University.
Email- sadiabd810@yahoo.com
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