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| Microorganisms in Soil | Bacterial Genera | Fungi | Algae | tdy24.com |
Microorganisms in Soil
Microorganisms in Soil
Soil is a favourable habitat for microbial
proliferation. Number of microbes in soil is much higher than those found in
freshwater and marine water habitats. 106 – 109 bacteria
are found in per gram of soil habitats. Microorganisms include virus, bacteria,
algae, protozoa are found in soil. The concentration of soil organic matter is
relatively high which favors growth of heterotrophic microbes.
Autochthonus microorganisms in soils are capable of
utilizing refractory humic substances. Soils have many microhabitats and a
location of several micro environmental situations.
Bacterial Genera
Acinetobacter,
Agrobacterium, Bacillus, Corynebacterium, Flavobacterium.
Individual soils may favor bacterial populations with a
particular type of metabolism.
Agrobacterium
is
1 – 20 % , Bacillus is 7-67% , Pseudomonas is 3-15%.
Photoautotophic bacterial populations, Cyanobacteria are
Anabaena, Calothrix, Scytonema, Nostoc.
Nostoc provides both fixed forms of nitrogen and organic carbon in soil.
Fungi
Fungi constitute a high proportion of microbial
biomass in soil. Soil fungi occur in a mycorrhizal association with pant rots.
Fungi Imperfecti species are – Aspergillus,
Trichoderma and ascomycetes and basidiomycetes.
Indigenous soil yeasts are fungi Imperfecti
(Deuteromycota) spcies of the genera including Candida,
Rhodotorula, Cryptococcus.
Algae
Algae living in both soil surface and within the soil
are Chlorophycophyta, Rhodophycophyta, Euglenophycophyta. The majority of soil
algae are small and unicellular.
The Daily Youth- tdy24.com
Present " Microorganisms in Soil
" Written By
Sadia Akhtar
Student of Department of Microbiology
Jagannath University.
Email- sadiabd810@yahoo.com
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